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sucks.com, Screwlars.com, and Paylarstoshutup.com, which sarcastically asked visitors to use an online payment service to make donations so the millionaire rock star would go away.

Some hackers went even further. Probably the biggest contributor to a wave of Save Napster hacks was sixteen-year-old Robert Lyttle of Pleasant Hill, California, east of San Francisco. Lyttle, who used the handle Pimpshiz, broke into more than two hundred websites and left a pro-Napster diatribe on each. He also offered to patch the security hole he had come through, for a fee, and ended with a cheerful “Hi Mom!” Among his victims were sites run by NASA, the U.S. Army Materiel Command, and the French Bibliothèque Nationale. Lyttle reached Shawn and Ritter on IRC and told them what he had done for their cause. The two looked at each other in horror. “Are you crazy?” Shawn typed. Lyttle’s run ended in December 2000 with a raid on his home. He later pleaded guilty to two of the counts against him and was sentenced to probation and ordered to pay restitution to the sites he defaced. He said he planned to raise the money by selling Internet security services.

Others began to feel uneasy about their use of Napster. The most important change of heart came from Chad Paulson at Indiana University, the head of Savenapster.com. Paulson had been listening to all sides in the debate, and he had boned up on copyright law. He had seen the press reports about Napster’s moneyed backers, and he was angry about what Sean Parker had told him on the phone. When Paulson first began organizing, Parker told him that Napster wanted to promote new artists. Yet almost nothing had been done on that score, while songs that were obviously unauthorized were trading like crazy. When Paulson asked Parker again about Napster’s plans to support independent music, Parker told him that wasn’t a priority, Paulson recalled. (Parker denied saying that.) Paulson also saw too many televised news reports that featured him defending the service, then cut to arrogant students with hundreds of MP3s by artists who weren’t getting paid. He felt he looked like a stooge. “I wasn’t really thinking about user habits,” Paulson said later. “I was kind of naive, to say the least.” Parker didn’t help matters when he came to speak at a digital-music conference held on Indiana’s campus. The teenager spent two hours huddled with a public-relations person who coached him on what he should and shouldn’t say. Taking questions from

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